ISO 8999 pdf download.Reciprocating internal combustion engines — Graphical symbols
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies graphical symbols for operator controls, gauges, tell-tale indicators and instructions for reciprocating internal combustion (RIC) engines in order to provide necessary information on their use and operation. It is applicable to RIC engines for land, rail traction and marine use, excluding engines used to propel road vehicles and aircraft.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 3461 -1 :1 988, General principles for the creation ofgraphical symbols — Part1: Graphical symbols for use on equipment. ISO 3864:1 984, Safetycolours andsafetysigns. IEC 60073:1 996, Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification — Coding principles forindication devices andactuators.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 basic graphical symbol symbol used individually or in combination to make a composite symbol 3.2 composite symbol symbol made from combinations of symbol elements
4 Use of symbols
4.1 Symbols shall be as shown in clauses 5 to 7 of this International Standard. In general, symbols are shown in outline form. Where necessary, for legibility when reduced to a small size, enclosed areas within symbols or symbol elements may be filled in.4.2 The symbols included in clause 5 are basic symbols which may be used for general application as well as to create composite symbols. 4.3 The composite symbols included in clauses 6 and 7 are developed using basic symbols from clause 5 as elements where applicable to provide families of symbols associated with functions and systems. 4.4 As required, additional composite symbols may be developed using the basic symbols from clause 5, provided that the characteristics specified in ISO 3461 -1 be maintained. 4.5 Limitations inherent in some reproduction and display technologies may require increased line thickness or other minor modifications of symbols. Such modifications are acceptable provided the symbol remain unchanged in its basic graphical elements and remain easily discernible by the operator. 4.6 Additionally, to improve the appearance and perceptibility of a graphical symbol or to coordinate with the design of the equipment to which it is applied, it may be necessary to change the line thickness or to round off the corners of the symbol. The graphical designer is normally free to make such changes provided that the essential perceptual characteristics of the symbol be maintained. See 1 0.2 of ISO 3461 -1 :1 988. 4.7 For actual use, all symbols shall be reproduced large enough to be easily discernible by the operator. See ISO 3461 -1 for guidelines for proper sizing of symbols. Symbols shall be used in the orientations shown in this International Standard unless otherwise noted for individual symbols. 4.8 Symbols on controls and displays shall have good contrast to their background. A light symbol on a dark background is preferred for most controls. Displays may use either a light symbol on a dark background or a dark symbol on a light background, depending upon which alternative provides the best visual perception. When a symbol image is reversed (for example, black to white and vice versa) it shall be done for the entire symbol.4.9 When using symbols with multifunction controls, understanding is improved and the presentation simplified where symbols are combined to the least extent possible. The example shown in Figure 1 is for a typical engine operation key switch, having separate positions for Off, On and Start. 4.10 The fonts shown in this International Standard are not intended to be restrictive; other fonts may be substituted, but care shall be taken that legibility is maintained.