ISO 14917 pdf download.Thermal spraying — Terminology, classification
1 Scope
This International Standard defines processes and general terms for thermal spraying. It classifies thermal spraying processes according to type of spray material, to type of operation and to type of energy carrier.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the normative document listed below. For undated references, the latest editions of the normative documents referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 6507-1 :1 997, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 1 : Test method. ISO 6507-2:1 997, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 2: Verification of testing machines. ISO 6508:1 986 , Metallic materials — Hardness test — Rockwell test (scales A – B – C – D – E – F – G – H – K). ISO 1 491 6:1 999, Thermal spraying — Determination of tensile adhesive strength.
3 Term and definition
For the purposes of this standard the following definition applies. 3.1 thermal spraying processes in which surfacing materials are heated to the plastic or molten state, inside or outside of the spraying gun/torch, and then propelled on to a prepared surface. The substrate remains unfused NOTE 1 Spray coatings can be applied by thermal spraying of material in its liquid or plastic pasty state. NOTE 2 To obtain specific properties of the deposit, a subsequent thermal, mechanical or sealing treatment may be used.
4 Process variations
4.1 Classification according to the type of spray material Distinction of the following variations: – wire spraying; – rod spraying; – cord spraying; – powder spraying; – molten bath spraying. 4.2 Classification according to the operation 4.2.1 Manual spraying All operations typical of the spraying process are manual. 4.2.2 Mechanized spraying All operations typical of the spraying process are mechanized. 4.2.3 Automatic spraying All operations typical of the spraying process are fully mechanized including all handling, e.g., workpiece loading and unloading, and are integrated in a programmed system. 4.3 Classification according to the energy carrier 4.3.1 Molten-bath spraying A surfacing material is heated to the molten state, in most cases in a reservoir, and propelled on to the prepared substrate by a preheated atomizing gas, e.g., compressed air. See Figure 1 .4.3.2 Flame spraying Flame spraying is a process in which a surfacing material is heated in an oxyfuel gas flame and then propelled in atomized form on to a substrate. The material may be initially in the form of powder, rod, cord or wire. The hot material is projected on to the substrate by the oxyfuel gas jet alone or with the additional aid of an atomizing gas, e.g., compressed air. 4.3.2.1 Wire flame spraying In wire flame spraying, the metal wire to be deposited is supplied to the gun continuously. It is heated to the molten state by the oxyfuel gas flame and propelled on to the prepared substrate surface by the additional aid of an atomizing gas, e.g., compressed air. See Figure 2.The fuel gases predominantly used are, e.g., acetylene, propane and hydrogen. Variations are rod flame spraying where cut lengths of material rod are used, and cord flame spraying where cords of surfacing material are used. 4.3.2.2 Powder flame spraying With this method, the material to be sprayed is supplied to the gun in powder form and heated to the plastic or molten state in the oxyfuel gas flame. It is propelled on to the prepared substrate by the expanding fuel gases. In some cases, an additional gas jet may be used to accelerate the powder particles. See Figure 3.