ISO 12947.2 pdf download.Textiles – Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method – Part 2: Determination of specimen breakdown
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12947 is applicable to the determination of the inspection interval to breakdown of specimens covering all textile fabrics including nonwovens apart from fabrics where the specifier indicates the end performance as having a low abrasion wear life. NOTE Further introductory comments are given in Part 1 of this International Standard.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 12947. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 12947 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 105-A02:1993, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour. ISO 139:1973, Textiles — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing. ISO 2859-1:—, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling plans indexed by acceptable quality level (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection 1) . ISO 12947-1:1998, Textiles — Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method — Part 1: Martindale abrasion testing apparatus.
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this part of ISO 12947 the definitions given in ISO 12947-1, as well as the following apply. 3.1 thread textile yarn, either single or resulting from twisting together two or more single or folded yarns 3.2 specimen breakdown breakdown point which is reached: — in woven fabrics, when two separate threads are completely broken; — in knitted fabrics, when one thread is broken causing a hole to appear; — in pile fabrics, when the pile is fully worn off; — in nonwovens, when the first hole resulting from the wear is of a diameter at least equal to 0,5 mm.
4 Principle
A circular specimen, mounted in a specimen holder and subjected to a defined load, is rubbed against an abrasive medium (standard fabric) in a translational movement tracing a Lissajous figure, the specimen holder being additionally freely rotatable around its own axis perpendicular to the plane of the specimen. The evaluation of the abrasion resistance of the textile fabric is determined from the inspection interval to breakdown of the specimens. The specimens are mounted in specimen holders with foam backing. Specimens with a mass per unit area greater than 500 g·m –2 are mounted in specimen holders without foam. Pile fabrics and cord fabrics which are tested without foam backing are subjected to a specified preparatory treatment (see 7.5.2). Two abrasion load parameters are specified. The total effective mass of the abrasion load (i.e. the mass of the specimen holder assembly and the appropriate loading piece) are: a) (795 ± 7) g for workwear, upholstery, bed linen and fabrics for technical use (nominal pressure of 12 kPa); b) (595 ± 7) g for apparel and household textiles, excluding upholstery and bed linen (nominal pressure of 9 kPa). Abrasion testing is continued up to breakdown (see clause 8) of the test specimen. The inspection interval is determined by the specimen breakdown. The number of rubs is recorded at which specimen breakdown is not yet observed (this number of rubs is the upper limit of the time elapsed before specimen breakdown and at the same time the lower limit of the abrasion interval at which specimen breakdown occurs).
7 Sampling and preparation of test specimens
7.1 General Perform sampling in accordance with statistical rules (see ISO 2859-1). Ensure throughout sampling and specimen preparation that handling imposes the minimum possible tensile stress so as to prevent incorrect extension of the textile fabric. 7.2 Selection of the laboratory sample Select the laboratory sample from a test lot to be representative of properties of the textile fabric. Check the representative nature of sampling from the start or end of a textile fabric. Take the laboratory sample from across the full fabric width. 7.3 Sampling of the test specimens from the laboratory sample Before sampling the test specimens from the laboratory samples, condition the laboratory samples, free from tension, for at least 18 h on a smooth horizontal surface with free access of air exposed to the standard atmosphere specified in clause 6.